M23 Conflict in Democratic Republic of Congo Escalates
Fighting reignited in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo on Tuesday following a brief two-day hiatus. Reports from local and security sources indicate that M23 fighters, believed to be backed by Rwanda, launched a surprise attack against the Congolese armed forces in South Kivu province at dawn.
The ongoing conflict has drawn the attention of leaders from East and Southern Africa, who convened at a summit on Saturday. They issued a call for an “immediate and unconditional” ceasefire, urging that it be implemented within five days. This plea comes amid rising concerns that the conflict, which has already resulted in numerous casualties and widespread displacement, could spill over into neighboring nations.
M23 Gains Ground in Eastern DRC
In recent months, the M23 group has rapidly expanded its control over vast territories in the mineral-rich eastern DRC, reigniting hostilities that began anew in late 2021. On Tuesday, clashes were reported near Ihusi, a locality situated approximately 70 kilometers from the provincial capital, Bukavu, and around 40 kilometers from the area’s airport. Eyewitnesses described hearing “explosions of heavy weapons,” indicating the intensity of the confrontations.
In response to the escalating situation, reinforcements from the Congolese army are making their way to Kavumu, a town that not only houses the airport but also serves as a critical military base in the region. As the M23 threat looms, Bukavu has been on high alert, with schools closing their doors on Friday and residents beginning to evacuate. Businesses are also shutting down out of fear of an impending assault.
M23’s Strategic Moves
The M23 has positioned itself as a defender of ethnic Tutsis, using this narrative to justify its aggressive expansion into South Kivu. Their recent advances began after capturing Goma, the capital of the neighboring North Kivu province, which borders Rwanda, late last month. This takeover has allowed the group to exert significant control over the region.
With a population of around one million, Goma has become a focal point for the M23, which has started establishing its own governance structures. This includes launching recruitment campaigns aimed at forming a local police force, a move that underscores the group’s intent to solidify its authority in the region.
